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This phase II/III trial compares the addition of nivolumab to the usual treatment of paclitaxel and ramucirumab to paclitaxel and ramucirumab alone in treating patients with gastric or esophageal adenocarcinoma that that may have spread from where it first started to nearby tissue, lymph nodes, or distant parts of the body (advanced). A monoclonal antibody is a type of protein that can bind to certain targets in the body, such as molecules that cause the body to make an immune response (antigens). Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Ramucirumab is a monoclonal antibody that may prevent the growth of new blood vessels that tumors need to grow. Paclitaxel is in a class of medications called antimicrotubule agents. It stops cancer cells from growing and dividing and may kill them. Adding nivolumab to ramucirumab and paclitaxel may work better to treat patients with advanced stomach or esophageal cancer.

The primary objective of this phase IIb/III study is to evaluate whether the combination of
lurbinectedin plus doxorubicin given as first line treatment for metastatic leiomyosarcoma
(LMS) prolongs the progression-free survival (PFS) by Independent Review Committee (IRC) when
compared to doxorubicin administered as a single agent.

This phase II/III trial studies the best approach in improving quality of life and survival after a donor stem cell transplant in older, weak, or frail patients with blood diseases. Patients who have undergone a transplant often experience increases in disease and death. One approach, supportive and palliative care (SPC), focuses on relieving symptoms of stress from serious illness and care through physical, cultural, psychological, social, spiritual, and ethical aspects. While a second approach, clinical management of comorbidities (CMC) focuses on managing multiple diseases, other than cancer, such as heart or lung diseases through physical exercise, strength training, stress reduction, medication management, dietary recommendations, and education. Giving SPC, CMC, or a combination of both may work better in improving quality of life and survival after a donor stem cell transplant compared to standard of care in patients with blood diseases.

This phase II/III trial tests the role of DNA released from tumor cells into the blood in guiding the use of immunotherapy (nivolumab alone or with relatlimab) after surgical removal of the bladder for bladder cancer treatment. DNA is material found inside all of our cells that acts as a blueprint for how cells function. Tumor cells often have abnormal DNA that looks different than DNA in normal cells. A new test called Signatera has been developed that can detect bladder cancer DNA in the blood which might indicate the presence of bladder tumor cells somewhere in the body. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as nivolumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Relatlimab is a monoclonal antibody that may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. This trial may help doctors determine if the Signatera test can better identify which patients need an additional treatment with immunotherapy to help prevent bladder cancer from coming back after surgery.

This phase II/III trial aims to determine the type of chemotherapy that will benefit patients who have had surgery for their stage II or III colon cancer based on presence or absence of circulating tumor deoxyribonucleic acid (ctDNA). In ctDNA positive patients, this trial compares the effect of usual chemotherapy versus mFOLFIRINOX. In ctDNA negative patients, this trial compares the effect of usual chemotherapy versus ctDNA testing every 3 months to determine which approach might be better to prevent colon cancer from returning. Oxaliplatin is in a class of medications called platinum-containing antineoplastic agents. It works by damaging cells DNA and may kill cancer cells. Leucovorin is in a class of medications called folic acid analogs. It works by protecting healthy cells from the effects of chemotherapy medications while allowing chemotherapy agent to enter and kill cancer cells. Fluorouracil is in a class of medications called antimetabolites. It stops cells from making DNA and may slow or stop the growth of cancer cells. Capecitabine is in a class of medications called antimetabolites. It Is taken up by cancer cells and breaks down to a substance that kills cancer cells. Irinotecan is in a class of antineoplastic medications called topoisomerase I inhibitors. It works by stopping the growth of cancer cells. This trial may help doctors determine what kind of chemotherapy to recommend to colon cancer patients based on the presence or absence of ctDNA after surgery for colon cancer.

This phase II/III compares the standard therapy (chemotherapy plus cetuximab) versus adding bevacizumab to standard chemotherapy, versus combination of just bevacizumab and atezolizumab in treating patients with head and neck cancer that has spread to other places in the body (metastatic or advanced stage) or has come back after prior treatment (recurrent). Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as atezolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Bevacizumab is in a class of medications called antiangiogenic agents. It works by stopping the formation of blood vessels that bring oxygen and nutrients to tumor. This may slow the growth and spread of tumor. Cetuximab is in a class of medications called monoclonal antibodies. It binds to a protein called EGFR, which is found on some types of cancer cells. This may help keep cancer cells from growing. Cisplatin and carboplatin are in a class of chemotherapy medications known as platinum-containing compounds. They work by killing, stopping, or slowing the growth of cancer cells. Docetaxel is in a class of chemotherapy medications called taxanes. It stops cancer cells from growing and dividing and may kill them. The addition of bevacizumab to standard chemotherapy or combination therapy with bevacizumab and atezolizumab may be better than standard chemotherapy plus cetuximab in treating patients with recurrent/metastatic head and neck cancers.

This phase II/III trial compares the effect of immunotherapy with atezolizumab in combination with standard chemotherapy with a platinum drug (cisplatin or carboplatin) and etoposide versus standard therapy alone for the treatment of poorly differentiated extrapulmonary (originated outside the lung) neuroendocrine cancer that may have spread from where it first started to nearby tissue, lymph nodes, or distant parts of the body (advanced) or that has spread from where it first started (primary site) to other places in the body (metastatic). The other aim of this trial is to compare using atezolizumab just at the beginning of treatment versus continuing it beyond the initial treatment. Immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies, such as atezolizumab, may help the body's immune system attack the cancer, and may interfere with the ability of tumor cells to grow and spread. Cisplatin and carboplatin are in a class of medications known as platinum-containing compounds that work by killing, stopping or slowing the growth of cancer cells. Etoposide is in a class of medications known as podophyllotoxin derivatives. It blocks a certain enzyme needed for cell division and DNA repair, and it may kill cancer cells. Giving atezolizumab in combination with a platinum drug (cisplatin or carboplatin) and etoposide may work better in treating patients with poorly differentiated extrapulmonary neuroendocrine cancer compared to standard therapy with a platinum drug (cisplatin or carboplatin) and etoposide alone.